요약
- 12A(British Golden Ale) 1980년대 시장지배적 라거에 대항하고자 만들어짐. 비터에 비해 카라멜리, 에스테르가 낮아진 청량한 여름맥주.
- 12B(Australia sparkling ale) 19세기 호주로 수입되던 영국 페일에일에 대항하고자 만들어짐. 배, 사과 에스테르와 고탄산이 특징. 20세기 초반에 거의 멸종 상태.
- 12C(English IPA) 비터, 페일에일보다 피니시홉 올리고 몰트, 에스테르 내리고. 미국IPA에 비하면 홉 내리고 몰트 올리고. 1800년대 초반에 인도로 부치기 위해 만들어졌으며, 버튼온트렌트의 IPA가 시장지배적이었다. 20세기 중반까지 멸종상태였다가 1980년대 부활함.
12A. British Golden Ale
Aroma
- malt aroma: little to no, no caramel
- hop aroma: moderately low to moderately high
- medium-low to low fruity aroma from the hops(rather than esters)
Appearance
- straw~golden
- good to brilliant clarity
- low to moderate white head
Flavor
- malt flavor: medium-low to low
- hop flavor: moderate to moderate-high, citrus flavors increasingly common
- hop bitterness: medium to moderately-high
- hop bitterness and flavor should be pronounced
Mouthfeel
- light to medium body
- low to moderate carbonation(on draught, bottled versions will be higher)
Style comparison
- w/ American pale ale: similar but lower alcohol, using British ingredients
- w/ British bitter and pale ale: no caramel and fewer esters
- w/ bitter: as dry as bitter but less malt
Comment and History
well-hopped, quenching beer with an emphasis on showcasing hops. positioned as a refreshing summer beer. also called Golden bitters, Summer ales, or British blonde ales. developed in England to take on strongly-marketed lagers. first brewed in 1986.
12B. Australian Sparkling Ale
Aroma
- malt/hop/ester/yeast aroma: moderate to low
- esters are frequently pears and apples(optionally, very light touch of banana)
- hops are earthy, herbaceous, or iron-like Pride of Ringwood nose
Appearance
- deep yellow~light amber
- high carbonation
- brilliant clarity, but typically poured with yeast to have a cloudy appearance
- tall, frothy, persistent white head
Flavor
- malt flavor: medium to low rounded, grainy to bready
- hop flavor: medium to medium-high
- hop bitterness: medium to medium-high
- medium-high to medium-low esters, often pear and apples
Mouthfeel
- medium to medium-full body
- high to very high carbonation
Style comparison
- w/ English pale ales: similar, but highly carbonated, less caramel, less late hops, showcasing the signature yeast strain and hop variety
Comments and History
Coopers has been making their flagship Sparkling ales since 1862. Always naturally carbonated, even in the keg. a present-use ale, best enjoyed fresh. although the majority of Australian beer brewed in 19th century was draught mild(XXX) and porter, ale in bottle was originally developed to compete with imported bottled pale ales from British breweries. by the early 20th century, bottled pale ale went out of fashion, many Australian Sparkling and pale ales were labeled as ales, but were actually bottom-fermented lagers. Coopers of Adelaide, South Australia is only surviving brewer producing the Sparkling ale style.
12C. English IPA
Aroma
- malt aroma: moderately-low caramel-like or toasty(optional)
- hop aroma: moderate to moderately-high, floral, spicy-peppery, or citrus-orange is typical
Appearance
- golden~deep copper, but most are fairly pale
- should be clear
- moderate-sized, persistent head with off-white color
Flavor
- malt: medium-low to medium
- hop: moderate to high
- hop bitterness: moderate to assertive, should not be harsh
- medium-low to medium fruitiness
- oak is inappropriate in this style
Mouthfeel
- medium-light to medium body
- moderate to medium-high carbonation
Style comparison
- w/ British pale ales and bitters: more finish hops, less fruitiness/caramel
- w/ American IPA: less hop intensity, a more pronounced malt flavor
Comments and History
IPA was invented to be sent to India in late 1700s and early 1800s, more heavily hopped than other keeping beers, or that the alcohol level unusual for the time. many modern examples labelled IPA are quite weak in strength. according to CAMRA, "so-called IPAs with strengths of around 3-5% are not true to style." Burton breweries with their high-sulfate water were able to successfully brew IPA and began their domination of this market by the 1830s, around the time the name IPA was first used. the style virtually disappeared in the second half of the 20th century. (the name was often used to describe pale ales and bitters, not anything special) the style underwent a craft beer rediscovery in the 1980s.
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